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Parts of microsoft powerpoint 2016 and their functions free |
Microsoft Office: The Basics with Applications.Parts of microsoft powerpoint 2016 and their functions free
Excel Complete : A combination of the Excel Introduction, Intermediate, and Advanced courses in one comprehensive course. MS Excel - Pivot Tables. Prerequisite : Windows Introduction or equivalent knowledge, and previous level class or equivalent knowledge for the advanced level Introduction : Customize PowerPoint by modifying the Ribbon and changing application settings, apply themes and templates, and work with SmartArt graphics and tables.
Add multimedia content and interactive elements to slides, and learn about presentation distribution options including PDF, HTML, and online broadcasts. Finally, integrate PowerPoint with Word and Excel. Prerequisite: Windows Introduction or equivalent knowledge, and previous level class or equivalent knowledge for intermediate and advanced levels Introduction : Learn to create and edit simple documents; format documents; add tables and lists, design elements, layout options; and proof documents.
Recognize the importance of ADA Compliance in electronic documents, sites, or internet documents and learn to convert the current existing documents into ADA Compliant formats using the Microsoft Office Accessibility Checker and all the available tools to format text, tables, images, shapes and other objects in Word, PowerPoint, and Excel. Certified individuals will establish their ability to demonstrate the fundamentals of creating and managing worksheets and workbooks, creating cells and ranges, creating tables, applying formulas and functions and creating charts and objects.
View classes » Microsoft Outlook Certification Training This Microsoft Outlook course introduces the interface and gets you up and running quickly working with messages, calendars, contacts, and tasks.
You then move on to learning how to manage accounts and the inbox and then on to the more advanced features of Outlook, such as working with notes, using signatures and themes, and learning about some of the new features in the version. Certified individuals will establish their ability to perform a number of Word tasks, such as creating and managing documents, formatting text, paragraphs and sections, creating tables and lists, applying references, and inserting and formatting objects.
View classes ». Prerequisites: Windows Intro or equivalent knowledge and an understanding of project management concepts. Learn the intricacies and the fine art of business presentations through this course. Designed by PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP, this course is your one-stop solution for developing systematic and structured presentations through the optimum use of relevant data and visuals.
It is conducted via application-based exercises which enhance your communication skills on public speaking, storytelling, and professional meetings.
Review : The focus of this course is not how to use Powerpoint. It is meant to teach how properly do a business presentation. And it is very professional. Besides, you can level your certificate by completing more courses. This is another excellent course on Udemy designed to help you become a professional in creating dynamic and compelling presentations with MS PowerPoint.
Signing up for this curriculum will take you from zero to MS PowerPoint pro presenter by teaching you the essential functions and techniques. After course completion, a certificate will be given to you to share your skills.
Check out our curation of Best Computer Networking Courses. Review: Awesome. One of the best Udemy courses that I have taken. The course if very thorough and explains each element of PowerPoint step-by-step. I now consider myself an advanced with PowerPoint. Individuals willing to learn how PowerPoint is helpful in creating animated videos can take help from this curriculum.
In this prospectus, the instructor will provide you with an easy-to-follow and step-by-step guide to make animated videos with PowerPoint for business, marketing, online courses, YouTube , and more. The course is developed by Pavel N. He will provide additional assistance during the video lessons to help you learn how to create marketing videos for businesses and online courses with MS PowerPoint. Review: Training by Pavel is Excellent.
The step-by-step guidance is very good and highly informative. This is another course from Andrew Pach designed to prepare you for all the tools, knowledge, and skills you need to reach your presentation goals.
The instructor will help you learn how to use the slides in PowerPoint, get comfortable with animation, and create videos ready to publish and become a professional designer.
Review: Great lessons that are based on a principled approach to slide design and creation! This is an introductory course prepared to teach you the fundamental concepts of MS PowerPoint. Learning this course will help you understand how PowerPoint allows you to distinguish your work from everybody else, produce polished presentations, and use best practices for creating compelling presentations.
The course is designed in collaboration with Careers, a best-selling provider of finance courses on Udemy. The instructors will assist you during the classes to learn how to work comfortably with MS PowerPoint and many of its advanced features. Review: I loved this class because it was a quick tutorial to learn the basics of PowerPoint.
I now have fundamentals and can move on to a more intermediate type of course. This is an advanced training program ideally designed for intermediate designers and business professionals to help them understand how to leverage the hidden features and commands of MS PowerPoint to presentations quickly. We hire a mix of university and industry talent worldwide. Aggregate demand for our software, services, and devices is correlated to global macroeconomic and geopolitical factors, which remain dynamic.
Our international operations provide a significant portion of our total revenue and expenses. Many of these revenue and expenses are denominated in currencies other than the U. As a result, changes in foreign exchange rates may significantly affect revenue and expenses. The strengthening of the U. See a discussion of these factors and other risks under Risk Factors in our fiscal year Form K.
Our revenue historically has fluctuated quarterly and has generally been highest in the second quarter of our fiscal year due to corporate calendar year-end spending trends in our major markets and holiday season spending by consumers. If our customers choose to license cloud-based versions of our products and services rather than licensing transaction-based products and services, the associated revenue will shift from being recognized at the time of the transaction to being recognized over the subscription period or upon consumption, as applicable.
As a result, we have separately disclosed product revenue and service and other revenue on our consolidated income statements. Product revenue includes sales from operating systems; cross-device productivity applications; server applications; business solution applications; desktop and server management tools; software development tools; video games; hardware such as PCs, tablets, gaming and entertainment consoles, phones, other intelligent devices, and related accessories; and training and certification of computer system integrators and developers.
Service and other revenue includes sales from cloud-based solutions that provide customers with software, services, platforms, and content such as Office , Azure, Dynamics CRM Online, and Xbox Live; solution support; and consulting services. Service and other revenue also includes sales from online advertising. Segment information appearing in Note 21 — Segment Information and Geographic Data of the Notes to Financial Statements is also presented on this basis.
As a result, beginning in fiscal year , we report our financial performance based on our new segments, Productivity and Business Processes, Intelligent Cloud, and More Personal Computing, and analyze operating income as the measure of segment profitability.
We have recast certain previously reported amounts to conform to the way we internally manage and monitor segment performance. We expect to report the financial performance of LinkedIn as part of our Productivity and Business Processes segment. Additional information on our reportable segments is contained in Note 21 — Segment Information and Geographic Data of the Notes to Financial Statements.
Windows 10 revenue is primarily recognized at the time of billing in the More Personal Computing segment, and the deferral and subsequent recognition of revenue is reflected in Corporate and Other. More Personal Computing revenue decreased, mainly due to lower revenue from Devices and Windows, offset in part by higher revenue from search advertising and Gaming.
Intelligent Cloud revenue increased, primarily due to higher revenue from server products and cloud services and Enterprise Services. Productivity and Business Processes revenue increased slightly, driven by an increase in Office and Dynamics revenue. Productivity and Business Processes and More Personal Computing gross margin decreased, offset in part by higher gross margin from Intelligent Cloud.
More Personal Computing revenue increased, primarily due to higher revenue from Devices, search advertising and Gaming, offset in part by a decline in Windows revenue. Intelligent Cloud revenue increased, primarily due to higher revenue from server products and cloud services.
Key changes in expenses were:. Productivity and Business Processes revenue increased slightly, primarily due to an increase in Office and Dynamics revenue. Corporate and Other revenue primarily comprises certain revenue deferrals, including those related to Windows 10, Bundled Offerings, and video games. Corporate and Other operating income loss primarily comprises revenue deferrals and corporate-level activity not specifically allocated to a segment, including impairment, integration, and restructuring expenses.
Research and development expenses include payroll, employee benefits, stock-based compensation expense, and other headcount-related expenses associated with product development.
Research and development expenses also include third-party development and programming costs, localization costs incurred to translate software for international markets, and the amortization of purchased software code. Sales and marketing expenses include payroll, employee benefits, stock-based compensation expense, and other headcount-related expenses associated with sales and marketing personnel and the costs of advertising, promotions, trade shows, seminars, and other programs.
General and administrative expenses include payroll, employee benefits, stock-based compensation expense, severance expense, and other headcount-related expenses associated with finance, legal, facilities, certain human resources and other administrative personnel, certain taxes, and legal and other administrative fees.
Impairment, integration, and restructuring expenses include costs associated with the impairment of goodwill and intangible assets related to our phone business, employee severance expenses and costs associated with the consolidation of facilities and manufacturing operations related to restructuring activities, and systems consolidation and other business integration expenses associated with our acquisition of NDS.
Our annual goodwill impairment test as of May 1, indicated that the carrying value of our previous Phone Hardware reporting unit goodwill exceeded its estimated fair value. All remaining goodwill and intangible assets are included in our Devices reporting unit, within More Personal Computing under our current segment structure. We use derivative instruments to: manage risks related to foreign currencies, equity prices, interest rates, and credit; enhance investment returns; and facilitate portfolio diversification.
Gains and losses from changes in fair values of derivatives that are not designated as hedges are primarily recognized in other income expense , net. Other than those derivatives entered into for investment purposes, such as commodity contracts, the gains losses are generally economically offset by unrealized gains losses in the underlying available-for-sale securities and gains losses on certain balance sheet amounts from foreign exchange rate changes. Dividends and interest income increased due to higher portfolio balances and slightly higher yields on fixed-income securities.
Interest expense increased due to higher outstanding long-term debt. Net recognized gains on investments decreased primarily due to higher other-than-temporary impairments and lower gains on sales of fixed-income securities, offset in part by higher gains on sales of equity securities. Net losses on derivatives increased due to higher losses on currency and equity contracts and lower gains on interest rate contracts in the current period as compared to the prior period, offset in part by lower losses on commodity contracts.
For fiscal year , other reflects recognized losses from divestitures and certain joint ventures. Dividends and interest income decreased due to lower yields on fixed-income securities, offset in part by higher portfolio balances. Net recognized gains on investments increased primarily due to higher gains on sales of equity securities, offset in part by higher other-than-temporary impairments. Net losses on derivatives increased due to losses on commodity contracts in fiscal year as compared to gains in fiscal year , offset in part by lower losses on currency and equity contracts.
For fiscal year , other reflects recognized losses from certain joint ventures and divestitures. Our effective tax rate was lower than the U. The decrease in our effective tax rate for fiscal year compared to fiscal year was primarily due to changes in the mix of our income before income taxes between the U. The fiscal year effective tax rate included the tax impact of losses in foreign jurisdictions for which we may not realize a tax benefit, primarily as a result of impairment and restructuring charges.
The mix of income before income taxes between the U. We supply our Windows PC operating system to customers through our U. In fiscal year , our U. Net revenue deferrals related to sales of Windows 10 negatively impacted our fiscal year U. Impairment, integration, and restructuring expense relating to our phone business decreased our fiscal year U. On July 27, , the U. Tax Court issued an opinion in Altera Corp. Commissioner related to the treatment of stock-based compensation expense in an intercompany cost-sharing arrangement.
This decrease relates primarily to tax credits available for carryover and a partial settlement of the IRS audit for tax years to , offset by increases relating to intercompany transfer pricing. While we settled a portion of the IRS audit for tax years to during the third quarter of fiscal year , and settled a portion of the IRS audit for tax years to during the first quarter of fiscal year , we remain under audit for those years.
In February , the IRS withdrew its Revenue Agents Report for tax years to and reopened the audit phase of the examination.
As of June 30, , the primary unresolved issue relates to transfer pricing, which could have a significant impact on our consolidated financial statements if not resolved favorably. We believe our allowances for income tax contingencies are adequate. We have not received a proposed assessment for the unresolved issues and do not expect a final resolution of these issues in the next 12 months.
Based on the information currently available, we do not anticipate a significant increase or decrease to our tax contingencies for these issues within the next 12 months.
We also continue to be subject to examination by the IRS for tax years to We are subject to income tax in many jurisdictions outside the U. Our operations in certain jurisdictions remain subject to examination for tax years to , some of which are currently under audit by local tax authorities. The resolutions of these audits are not expected to be material to our consolidated financial statements.
In fiscal year , this reduction was mostly offset by losses in foreign jurisdictions for which we may not realize a tax benefit, primarily as a result of impairment and restructuring charges. Changes in the mix of income before income taxes between the U.
In fiscal years and , our U. Our short-term investments are primarily intended to facilitate liquidity and for capital preservation. They consist predominantly of highly liquid investment-grade fixed-income securities, diversified among industries and individual issuers. The investments are predominantly U. Our fixed-income investments are exposed to interest rate risk and credit risk.
The credit risk and average maturity of our fixed-income portfolio are managed to achieve economic returns that correlate to certain fixed-income indices. The settlement risk related to these investments is insignificant given that the short-term investments held are primarily highly liquid investment-grade fixed-income securities.
The remaining cash equivalents and short-term investments held by our foreign subsidiaries were invested in foreign securities. We lend certain fixed-income and equity securities to increase investment returns.
The loaned securities continue to be carried as investments on our consolidated balance sheets. Collateral received is recorded as an asset with a corresponding liability.
Intra-year variances in the amount of securities loaned are mainly due to fluctuations in the demand for the securities. In general, and where applicable, we use quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities to determine the fair value of our financial instruments. This pricing methodology applies to our Level 1 investments, such as exchange-traded mutual funds, domestic and international equities, and U.
If quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities are not available to determine fair value, then we use quoted prices for similar assets and liabilities or inputs other than the quoted prices that are observable either directly or indirectly.
This pricing methodology applies to our Level 2 investments such as corporate notes and bonds, common and preferred stock, foreign government bonds, mortgage- and asset-backed securities, U. Level 3 investments are valued using internally developed models with unobservable inputs.
Assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis using unobservable inputs are an immaterial portion of our portfolio. A majority of our investments are priced by pricing vendors and are generally Level 1 or Level 2 investments as these vendors either provide a quoted market price in an active market or use observable inputs for their pricing without applying significant adjustments.
Broker pricing is used mainly when a quoted price is not available, the investment is not priced by our pricing vendors, or when a broker price is more reflective of fair values in the market in which the investment trades.
Our broker-priced investments are generally classified as Level 2 investments because the broker prices these investments based on similar assets without applying significant adjustments. In addition, all of our broker-priced investments have a sufficient level of trading volume to demonstrate that the fair values used are appropriate for these investments. Our fair value processes include controls that are designed to ensure appropriate fair values are recorded.
These controls include model validation, review of key model inputs, analysis of period-over-period fluctuations, and independent recalculation of prices where appropriate. We issued debt to take advantage of favorable pricing and liquidity in the debt markets, reflecting our credit rating and the low interest rate environment.
The proceeds of these issuances were or will be used for general corporate purposes, which may include, among other things, funding for working capital, capital expenditures, repurchases of capital stock, acquisitions, and repayment of existing debt. Unearned revenue as of June 30, was comprised mainly of unearned revenue from volume licensing programs.
Unearned revenue from volume licensing programs represents customer billings for multi-year licensing arrangements paid for either at inception of the agreement or annually at the beginning of each coverage period and accounted for as subscriptions with revenue recognized ratably over the coverage period.
Unearned revenue as of June 30, also included payments for: Windows 10 licenses; post-delivery support and consulting services to be performed in the future; Office subscriptions; Xbox Live subscriptions; Microsoft Dynamics business solutions products; Skype prepaid credits and subscriptions; Bundled Offerings; and other offerings for which we have been paid in advance and earn the revenue when we provide the service or software, or otherwise meet the revenue recognition criteria.
The following table outlines the expected future recognition of unearned revenue as of June 30, While the program has no expiration date, we intend to complete it by December 31, We provide indemnifications of varying scope and size to certain customers against claims of intellectual property infringement made by third parties arising from the use of our products and certain other matters.
Additionally, we have agreed to cover damages resulting from breaches of certain security and privacy commitments in our cloud business. In evaluating estimated losses on these indemnifications, we consider factors such as the degree of probability of an unfavorable outcome and our ability to make a reasonable estimate of the amount of loss.
These obligations did not have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements during the periods presented. The following table summarizes the payments due by fiscal year for our outstanding contractual obligations as of June 30, We expect the acquisition will close in calendar year , and we will finance the transaction primarily through the issuance of new debt. We will continue to invest in sales, marketing, product support infrastructure, and existing and advanced areas of technology, as well as continue making acquisitions that align with our business strategy.
Additions to property and equipment will continue, including new facilities, datacenters, and computer systems for research and development, sales and marketing, support, and administrative staff. We expect capital expenditures to increase in coming years in support of our productivity and platform strategy.
We have operating leases for most U. We have not engaged in any related party transactions or arrangements with unconsolidated entities or other persons that are reasonably likely to materially affect liquidity or the availability of capital resources.
We earn a significant amount of our operating income outside the U. As a result, as discussed above under Cash, Cash Equivalents, and Investments, the majority of our cash, cash equivalents, and short-term investments are held by foreign subsidiaries.
We currently do not intend nor foresee a need to repatriate these funds. We expect existing domestic cash, cash equivalents, short-term investments, cash flows from operations, and access to capital markets to continue to be sufficient to fund our domestic operating activities and cash commitments for investing and financing activities, such as regular quarterly dividends, debt maturities, and material capital expenditures, for at least the next 12 months and thereafter for the foreseeable future.
In addition, we expect existing foreign cash, cash equivalents, short-term investments, and cash flows from operations to continue to be sufficient to fund our foreign operating activities and cash commitments for investing activities, such as material capital expenditures, for at least the next 12 months and thereafter for the foreseeable future.
Should we require more capital in the U. These alternatives could result in higher effective tax rates, increased interest expense, or dilution of our earnings. We have borrowed funds domestically and continue to believe we have the ability to do so at reasonable interest rates. Our consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes are prepared in accordance with U. Preparing consolidated financial statements requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenue, and expenses.
Critical accounting policies for us include revenue recognition, impairment of investment securities, goodwill, research and development costs, contingencies, income taxes, and inventories. Revenue recognition for multiple-element arrangements requires judgment to determine if multiple elements exist, whether elements can be accounted for as separate units of accounting, and if so, the fair value for each of the elements.
Judgment is also required to assess whether future releases of certain software represent new products or upgrades and enhancements to existing products. Certain volume licensing arrangements include a perpetual license for current products combined with rights to receive unspecified future versions of software products and are accounted for as subscriptions, with billings recorded as unearned revenue and recognized as revenue ratably over the coverage period.
Software updates are evaluated on a case-by-case basis to determine whether they meet the definition of an upgrade, which may require revenue to be deferred and recognized when the upgrade is delivered.
If updates are determined to not meet the definition of an upgrade, revenue is generally recognized as products are shipped or made available. Microsoft enters into arrangements that can include various combinations of software, services, and hardware. Where elements are delivered over different periods of time, and when allowed under U. GAAP, revenue is allocated to the respective elements based on their relative selling prices at the inception of the arrangement, and revenue is recognized as each element is delivered.
For software elements, we follow the industry-specific software guidance which only allows for the use of VSOE in establishing fair value. Generally, VSOE is the price charged when the deliverable is sold separately or the price established by management for a product that is not yet sold if it is probable that the price will not change before introduction into the marketplace.
ESPs are established as best estimates of what the selling prices would be if the deliverables were sold regularly on a stand-alone basis. Our process for determining ESPs requires judgment and considers multiple factors that may vary over time depending upon the unique facts and circumstances related to each deliverable.
In January , we announced Windows 10 would be free to all qualified existing users of Windows 7 and Windows 8. This offer differs from historical offers preceding the launch of new versions of Windows as it is being made available for free to existing users in addition to new customers after the offer announcement. We evaluated the nature and accounting treatment of the Windows 10 offer and determined that it represents a marketing and promotional activity, in part because the offer is being made available for free to existing users.
As this is a marketing and promotional activity, revenue recognition of new sales of Windows 8 will continue to be recognized as delivered. Customers purchasing a Windows 10 license will receive unspecified updates and upgrades over the life of their Windows 10 device at no additional cost. As these updates and upgrades will not be sold on a stand-alone basis, we are unable to establish VSOE.
Accordingly, revenue from licenses of Windows 10 is recognized ratably over the estimated life of the related device, which ranges between two to four years. We currently are evaluating the impact of the new standard related to revenue recognition, which we anticipate will have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements. We review investments quarterly for indicators of other-than-temporary impairment.
This determination requires significant judgment. In making this judgment, we employ a systematic methodology quarterly that considers available quantitative and qualitative evidence in evaluating potential impairment of our investments. If the cost of an investment exceeds its fair value, we evaluate, among other factors, general market conditions, credit quality of debt instrument issuers, the duration and extent to which the fair value is less than cost, and for equity securities, our intent and ability to hold, or plans to sell, the investment.
For fixed-income securities, we also evaluate whether we have plans to sell the security or it is more likely than not that we will be required to sell the security before recovery.
We also consider specific adverse conditions related to the financial health of and business outlook for the investee, including industry and sector performance, changes in technology, and operational and financing cash flow factors. Once a decline in fair value is determined to be other-than-temporary, an impairment charge is recorded to other income expense , net and a new cost basis in the investment is established. We allocate goodwill to reporting units based on the reporting unit expected to benefit from the business combination.
We evaluate our reporting units on an annual basis and, if necessary, reassign goodwill using a relative fair value allocation approach. Goodwill is tested for impairment at the reporting unit level operating segment or one level below an operating segment on an annual basis May 1 for us and between annual tests if an event occurs or circumstances change that would more likely than not reduce the fair value of a reporting unit below its carrying value. These events or circumstances could include a significant change in the business climate, legal factors, operating performance indicators, competition, or sale or disposition of a significant portion of a reporting unit.
Application of the goodwill impairment test requires judgment, including the identification of reporting units, assignment of assets and liabilities to reporting units, assignment of goodwill to reporting units, and determination of the fair value of each reporting unit. The fair value of each reporting unit is estimated primarily through the use of a discounted cash flow methodology.
This analysis requires significant judgments, including estimation of future cash flows, which is dependent on internal forecasts, estimation of the long-term rate of growth for our business, estimation of the useful life over which cash flows will occur, and determination of our weighted average cost of capital.
The estimates used to calculate the fair value of a reporting unit change from year to year based on operating results, market conditions, and other factors.
Changes in these estimates and assumptions could materially affect the determination of fair value and goodwill impairment for each reporting unit. Costs incurred internally in researching and developing a computer software product are charged to expense until technological feasibility has been established for the product.
Once technological feasibility is established, all software costs are capitalized until the product is available for general release to customers. Judgment is required in determining when technological feasibility of a product is established. We have determined that technological feasibility for our software products is reached after all high-risk development issues have been resolved through coding and testing.
Generally, this occurs shortly before the products are released to manufacturing. The amortization of these costs is included in cost of revenue over the estimated life of the products.
The outcomes of legal proceedings and claims brought against us are subject to significant uncertainty. An estimated loss from a loss contingency such as a legal proceeding or claim is accrued by a charge to income if it is probable that an asset has been impaired or a liability has been incurred and the amount of the loss can be reasonably estimated. In determining whether a loss should be accrued we evaluate, among other factors, the degree of probability of an unfavorable outcome and the ability to make a reasonable estimate of the amount of loss.
Changes in these factors could materially impact our consolidated financial statements. We recognize the tax benefit from an uncertain tax position only if it is more likely than not that the tax position will be sustained on examination by the taxing authorities, based on the technical merits of the position.
Accounting literature also provides guidance on derecognition of income tax assets and liabilities, classification of deferred income tax assets and liabilities, accounting for interest and penalties associated with tax positions, and income tax disclosures. Judgment is required in assessing the future tax consequences of events that have been recognized on our consolidated financial statements or tax returns.
Variations in the actual outcome of these future tax consequences could materially impact our consolidated financial statements. Inventories are stated at average cost, subject to the lower of cost or market.
Cost includes materials, labor, and manufacturing overhead related to the purchase and production of inventories. We regularly review inventory quantities on hand, future purchase commitments with our suppliers, and the estimated utility of our inventory. These reviews include analysis of demand forecasts, product life cycle status, product development plans, current sales levels, pricing strategy, and component cost trends.
If our review indicates a reduction in utility below carrying value, we reduce our inventory to a new cost basis through a charge to cost of revenue. Management is responsible for the preparation of the consolidated financial statements and related information that are presented in this report. The Company designs and maintains accounting and internal control systems to provide reasonable assurance at reasonable cost that assets are safeguarded against loss from unauthorized use or disposition, and that the financial records are reliable for preparing consolidated financial statements and maintaining accountability for assets.
These systems are augmented by written policies, an organizational structure providing division of responsibilities, careful selection and training of qualified personnel, and a program of internal audits. The Board of Directors, through its Audit Committee, consisting solely of independent directors of the Company, meets periodically with management, internal auditors, and our independent registered public accounting firm to ensure that each is meeting its responsibilities and to discuss matters concerning internal controls and financial reporting.
Frank H. We are exposed to economic risk from foreign exchange rates, interest rates, credit risk, equity prices, and commodity prices. A portion of these risks is hedged, but they may impact our consolidated financial statements.
Certain forecasted transactions, assets, and liabilities are exposed to foreign currency risk. We monitor our foreign currency exposures daily and use hedges where practicable to offset the risks and maximize the economic effectiveness of our foreign currency positions.
Principal currencies hedged include the euro, Japanese yen, British pound, Canadian dollar, and Australian dollar. Our fixed-income portfolio is diversified across credit sectors and maturities, consisting primarily of investment-grade securities.
The credit risk and average maturity of the fixed-income portfolio is managed to achieve economic returns that correlate to certain global and domestic fixed-income indices.
Our equity portfolio consists of global, developed, and emerging market securities that are subject to market price risk. We manage the securities relative to certain global and domestic indices and expect their economic risk and return to correlate with these indices.
We use broad-based commodity exposures to enhance portfolio returns and facilitate portfolio diversification. Our investment portfolio has exposure to a variety of commodities, including precious metals, energy, and grain. We manage these exposures relative to global commodity indices and expect their economic risk and return to correlate with these indices.
VaR is the expected loss, for a given confidence level, in the fair value of our portfolio due to adverse market movements over a defined time horizon. The VaR model is not intended to represent actual losses in fair value, including determinations of other-than-temporary losses in fair value in accordance with U.
GAAP, but is used as a risk estimation and management tool. The distribution of the potential changes in total market value of all holdings is computed based on the historical volatilities and correlations among foreign exchange rates, interest rates, equity prices, and commodity prices, assuming normal market conditions. The VaR is calculated as the total loss that will not be exceeded at the Several risk factors are not captured in the model, including liquidity risk, operational risk, and legal risk.
The following table sets forth the one-day VaR for substantially all of our positions as of June 30, and and for the year ended June 30, We have recast certain prior period amounts to conform to the current period presentation, with no impact on consolidated net income or cash flows.
The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Microsoft Corporation and its subsidiaries. Intercompany transactions and balances have been eliminated. Investments through which we are not able to exercise significant influence over the investee and which do not have readily determinable fair values are accounted for under the cost method.
As a result, beginning in fiscal year , we report our financial performance based on our new segments described in Note 21 — Segment Information and Geographic Data. We have recast certain prior period amounts to conform to the way we internally manage and monitor segment performance during fiscal year This change primarily impacted Note 10 — Goodwill, Note 15 — Unearned Revenue, and Note 21 — Segment Information and Geographic Data, with no impact on consolidated net income or cash flows.
Preparing financial statements requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenue, and expenses. Examples of assumptions include: the elements comprising a software arrangement, including the distinction between upgrades or enhancements and new products; when technological feasibility is achieved for our products; the potential outcome of future tax consequences of events that have been recognized on our consolidated financial statements or tax returns; and determining when investment impairments are other-than-temporary.
Assets and liabilities recorded in foreign currencies are translated at the exchange rate on the balance sheet date. Revenue and expenses are translated at average rates of exchange prevailing during the year. Revenue is recognized when persuasive evidence of an arrangement exists, delivery has occurred, the fee is fixed or determinable, and collectability is probable.
Revenue generally is recognized net of allowances for returns and any taxes collected from customers and subsequently remitted to governmental authorities.
For software elements, we follow the industry specific software guidance which only allows for the use of VSOE in establishing fair value. Technology guarantee programs are accounted for as multiple-element arrangements as customers receive free or significantly discounted rights to use upcoming new versions of a software product if they license existing versions of the product during the eligibility period.
Revenue is allocated between the existing product and the new product, and revenue allocated to the new product is deferred until that version is delivered.
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Microsoft Teams: From Configuration to Collaboration. Please wait.
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